Varicose disease of the veins of the lower extremities is a vascular disease characterized by the dilation, elongation, and tortuous formation of the superficial veins located in the legs. This condition develops as a result of impaired function of the venous valves, causing blood to accumulate in the veins of the lower extremities and weakening normal blood circulation. Varicose disease may be accompanied by heaviness, fatigue, swelling, pain, nighttime cramps in the legs, and the appearance of enlarged subcutaneous veins.

Thrombophlebitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of a vein and the formation of a thrombus (blood clot) in that vessel. In thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins, redness, pain, hardness, and increased local warmth may be observed along the vein. Deep vein thrombosis may manifest as swelling, pain, and a feeling of tension in the leg and carries a risk of serious complications such as pulmonary embolism.

Diabetic foot syndrome is one of the long-term complications of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by nerve damage in the feet (neuropathy), impaired blood circulation, and an increased risk of infection. As a result of these changes, sensation in the feet decreases, minor injuries are not noticed in time, and if left untreated, they may lead to deep wounds, infections, and tissue damage.

Chronic wounds are skin and soft-tissue injuries that do not heal over a long period or recur despite treatment. These wounds may arise for various reasons and, if left untreated, may result in infection, tissue necrosis, and deeper injuries.

These minimally invasive procedures used in the treatment of varicose disease of the veins of the lower extremities are aimed at eliminating enlarged veins with impaired function or removing them from the bloodstream.

Podiatry is a medical field concerned with the health, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the foot and ankle region. This field covers problems related to the skin, nails, bones, joints, soft tissue, and biomechanics of the foot.