Clinical biochemical examinations help assess the general condition of the body by determining the levels of various substances in the blood, urine and other biological samples. These analyses are used to investigate liver and kidney functions, metabolism, electrolyte balance, and protein and lipid metabolism.

Immunological examinations are performed to assess the functioning of the body's immune system and immune response mechanisms. These analyses are used to investigate immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions and certain infectious processes.

Hematological examinations make it possible to assess the number, size and other characteristics of blood cells, as well as the functioning of the blood coagulation system. These analyses play an important role in the diagnosis of anemia, bleeding and coagulation disorders, infections and various blood diseases.

Molecular genetics examinations are based on the investigation of changes in the human genetic material — DNA and RNA. These analyses may be used to identify hereditary diseases, genetic mutations and genetic predisposition to certain diseases.

PCR — polymerase chain reaction — is a molecular diagnostic method that makes it possible to detect the presence of certain microorganisms or genetic material in a biological sample. The method is based on the principle of amplifying and detecting specific regions of DNA or RNA.

Molecular identification is a method of identifying microorganisms and other biological materials based on their genetic characteristics. In some cases, this approach helps identify microorganisms whose species is difficult to determine accurately using traditional laboratory methods.

Clinical microbiology is a field concerned with the laboratory detection and study of microorganisms that cause infectious diseases. In this area, blood, urine, swabs, sputum and other biological samples are examined to identify the possible causative agent of the infection.

Bacteriological examinations are performed to detect, cultivate and identify bacteria that may cause various infectious diseases. Urine, blood, swabs, sputum, wound discharge and other samples may be used during the examination.

Mycological examinations are performed to detect fungal infections and identify their causative agents. Samples taken from the skin, nails, hair, mucous membranes and other areas may be examined in laboratory conditions.

Virological examinations are performed to detect and diagnose viral infections. Depending on the type of examination, the virus's genetic material, antigens or antibodies produced by the body against it may be determined.

Parasitological examinations are performed to detect parasites living in the human body and the infections they cause. These analyses are used to identify intestinal parasites, protozoa and other parasites.