Obesity
- Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by the accumulation of fat in the body. The direct causes of this disease have not yet been determined. However, several factors contributing to obesity can be identified: characteristics of adipose tissue, genetic traits, hormonal regulation of processes, dysfunction of the satiety and appetite centers, psychological and emotional disorders related to food that developed in childhood, national dietary traditions, social status, and conditions of civilization.
- Types of obesity:
- 1. Primary obesity, which occurs in 90-95% of cases and is a consequence of modern lifestyle. Reduced physical activity leads to an energy intake that exceeds expenditure through food.
- 2. Obesity caused by a diagnosed genetic defect.
- 3. Obesity caused by genetic syndromes known to the scientific community.
- 4. Genetic defects responsible for the regulation of fat metabolism.
- 5. Conditions related to brain elements or symptoms of brain tumors.
- 6. Infectious diseases.
- 7. Pituitary tumors, "empty" sella syndrome, pseudotumor syndrome.
- 8. Obesity due to mental illnesses.
- Endocrine type obesity:
- Obesity that occurs with Cushing's syndrome, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, and other endocrine disorders.
- Nutritional features in obesity:
- The diet should be tailored individually, taking into account the patient’s professional activity, national, and other characteristics. The basis of dietary treatment is to reduce energy intake from food and increase energy expenditure. For rapid weight loss, a very low-calorie diet is prescribed. This should be done under strict medical supervision.
- To avoid frequent hunger attacks, foods that increase appetite should be excluded from the diet. These include broths, smoked meat products, soups, spices, alcohol, hot peppers, and fried foods. Additionally, there is another way to combat hunger: consume large amounts of low-calorie foods. This list includes fruits, vegetables, unsweetened hot tea, sorbets, and mousses.
- Source: dietway.ru
- Stay healthy!
16 September 2020
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