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What is the difference between insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

Insemination (sperm introduction) is a simpler and more natural treatment, as close as possible to the natural process. The ovaries are stimulated, follicles grow to a certain size, and after ovulation, the processed husband’s sperm is introduced into the uterine cavity using a special catheter. Fertilization of the egg by the sperm occurs in the fallopian tube.
In contrast, in vitro fertilization (IVF) involves fertilizing the woman’s egg with the man’s sperm outside the woman’s body. Follicles that have reached a certain size are punctured under short-term anesthesia to retrieve the eggs. In laboratory conditions, sperm are combined with the eggs, and by using a microinjection method, a sperm is directly injected into the egg under a microscope. The fertilization process is monitored carefully. The fertilized egg (at the blastocyst stage) is then transferred into the uterine cavity (embryo transfer).
Thus, it becomes clear that with insemination, fertilization occurs inside the woman’s body, whereas with IVF, it occurs outside.
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7 June 2021

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